Roulette Farm Antietam
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*Roulette Farm Antietam
*Roulette Farm Antietam Map
*Roulette Farm Antietam Golf Course
*Roulette Farm Antietam Museum
*Roulette Farm AntietamLooking east inside the Sunken Road. The tower on the distance marks the point in which the road turn to the right heading south. It also marks the extreme right of the Confederate position in the road.
Roulette Farm - Antietam Maryland. Mt casino helmet. Roulette farmstead For over 260 years the property on which the William Roulette Farmstead would be established, has been under cultivation. The surrounding pristine countryside provides visitors to the Antietam National Battlefield a feeling of what the landscape looked like in September 1862 with the stone walls, wood lots, and old farm roads. The Antietam barns are forebay Pennsylvania bank barns. Built by German and Swiss settlers in the mid-Atlantic states in the 19th century, the barns have a recessed stable wall on the first level, while the main barn level extends above the stable wall by about 8 to 10 feet. The stable wall, typically built of stone, is called a forebay. 2 thoughts on “ The Farmsteads of Antietam – Henry Piper Farm ” Anita Smith Elmore July 14, 2017. Foto roulette casino. My mother was a Piper, daughter of Alva A. I visited the farm in 1961 with my family and Webster Piper’s son took us around. My Mom and dad stayed in the Piper home when the Piper’s were there in the fall, can’t remember the year. At the time of the Battle of Antietam, the farm was home to William and Margaret Roulette and their five children. The Roulettes did not own slaves, but did employ Nancy Camel, a former slave, as a domestic servant and a 15-year-old African American man named Robert Simon also resided on the property, working as a farm hand.
Re: technique roulette casino Alex, je suis du Meme avis, mais pour ne pas tomber sur une serie perdante, il faut a chaque gain alterne avec une combinaison differente sur une autre chance simple EX. Re: technique roulette casino ben il y a 1 chance sur 32 de perdre sur 5 coups, car il y a 32 combinaisons sur 5 coups. Et comme la technique revient a nous faire gagner a chaque coup de roulette, jusqu’a ce que la ’mauvaise serie’ sorte.ca veut dire que en moyenne et sur le long terme ca donne. Avis technique roulette casino. Outside bets offer the best odds of winning at roulette. These types of wagers are placed on groups as opposed to just numbers, for example odd or even, red or black, 1-18 or 19-46, dozen bets,. The casino’s edge for roulette is 5.26%, but this can change based on the version of roulette played (French/European vs. American) and types of bets made Pay to Play or Just Have Fun! Roulette is a great game that offers the thrill of winning for even the most novice of players. A player walks into a casino with $100 in their pocket and then sits down at a roulette table. The minimum bet is $10 and they start betting $10 on black every single round. They want to have fun playing roulette for an hour or so, or double their bankroll and leave with a potential profit. This is a great example of the Constant bet strategy.
Last year I spent several days walking around the Antietam battlefield in places I have either never walked or did years ago. One particular location was around the Roulette Farm. The location is significant because it was the area of the battle in which both Union Army Gen. French’s and Gen. Richardson’s divisions passed by it or through to attack the Sunken Road. The key terrain feature here between the Roulette farm and the Sunken Road is the enormous rise of the ground to the Sunken Road (or Bloody Lane if you like).
If you are gaming the fight for the Sunken Road you can NOT just use a flat table or you risk missing the most unusual and exciting part of this fight. Look at a map of the Sunken Road area; forget what you think you see. The mental picture most people see is an attack on more or less on level ground or over some minor rolling hills. Forget all that.
Brig. Gen. William French’s division advanced and when about 100 yards away crested the hill in front of the road and looked DOWN on the Rebel brigades in the Sunken Road. Many of this division had never fired a shot in their short military career and we’re going into combat with no experience. They were both startled and thrown into confusion by the opening volleys from the defenders. They fought as long as they could take it and fell back. Even with the advantage of the high ground it was not enough to overcome the veteran Confederate defenders.
Looking north from Rebel position towards the direction in which French’s division attacked. You can see the top of the hill where the Union troops stopped to open fire.
Roulette Farm AntietamMaj. Gen. Israel Richardson’s division faced the opposite terrain in their front. They had to march up a very sharp hill to an enemy they couldn’t even see. Once they crested the hill they were within 50-80 yards away from the Confederates in the road bed which was several feet below the grade on top of the hill. With rails piled up for added protection it made the position something like a fortified trench. It’s a wonder how the Irish Brigade withstood the punishing point blank fire for as long as they did. They were silhouetted against the sky and firing against the enemy showing very little of their bodies to return fire. They were only able to crack the Rebel defense when one brigade marched away from the road by a phantom or mistaken order and a well-timed flank attack on the Confederate right flank.
In some sections of the Sunken Road the depth is less than 5-6 inches deep (mostly where French attacked) and it certain areas 6 feet or more (where Richardson attacked). It is impossible to say how much the road has changed over the past 150 years so we can only guess it is probably close to what it is now but not exactly the same.
Road leading to the Roulette farm. Half way along the Sunken Road to path heads north to the farm. This the direction the Union attackers came from, towards the camera.
I walked both French’s and Richardson’s path to the Sunken Road. The photos I’ve posted will show you the incredibly unusual nature of both mini battles within the context of the entire battle, which in itself was unusual. It is well worth doing this if you ever get the chance. It will shatter the way you view the fighting in this area.
A friend I met along the side of the Roulette farm road.
An amusing anecdote centers on the Roulette farm during the Union advance. A Confederate shell exploded amongst the Roulette family’s many bee hives. The explosion caused hundreds if not thousands of angry bees swarming around and looking for someone to sting. Much to the chagrin of soldiers of the 130th Pennsylvania Infantry they were the chosen target. It caused quite some confusion before the regiment was able to regain their composure and move along with any military looking order.Roulette Farm Antietam Map
Roulette barn.Heading towards the Confederate lines crossing the Roulette farm road. The tower on the left marks the end of the line in the Sunken road. Notice you can not see the Sunken Road. It’s an up hill march for Richardson’s division. Roulette Farm Antietam Golf CoursePanning just to the right gives you a wider view.
Half way to the Rebel lines in the Sunken Road looking west at the area in which French’s division crossed right to left.
Roulette Farm Antietam MuseumThe monument to the 132nd Pennsylvania just on the Union side of the Sunken Road. This is looking north where the Union attacked the Rebs. This is the same monument in the very first picture.
One eyewitness, Chaplain Henry S. Stevens of the 14th Connecticut Infantry, wrote of the damage to the house: ’Bullets pierced it on the day of battle, and one huge shell tore through the west side, a little above the floor, and going through the parlor in an upward course passed through the ceiling and a wall beyond and fell harmless amid a heap of rubbish it had created, where we saw it many times that day. During the battle the rooms were stripped of their furnishings and the floors were covered with the blood and dirt and litter of a field hospital..’Roulette Farm Antietam
The Roulette Family and Farm At the time of the Civil War, William and Margaret Roulette and their children lived on a large, productive farm outside the small town of Sharpsburg. However, by the end of September 1862, that farm had become the backdrop for a significant part of the action of the bloodiest single-day battle in American history. Today, their house and some of their outbuildings stand as silent witnesses to the carnage.Historical Ownership and Structural Changes The original owners of what we now know as the Roulette property are unfortunately unknown as are the names of those who built the first house on the site. We do know that as early as 1739, William Anderson lived here and farmed a tract called Anderson’s Delight. John Reynolds, who purchased the property in 1761, probably began construction of the oldest part of the house that exists today, which dates to the mid-1700s, and was originally constructed as a two-room cabin; this is the southern part of the house today. Around 1780, the center section was added. Around 1800, a kitchen was added to the north end, which included a beehive oven. Finally, a bathroom was added on in the 20th century. Reynolds and his descendants owned the farm until 1804 when John Miller bought the farm. His descendants would grow crops and raise livestock on the property for the next eighty years. Included in this list of descendants was Margaret Ann Miller, whose husband, William Roulette bought the property before the Civil War. The Roulettes had been in Washington County since before 1780, and William Roulette grew up on a different farm in the local area. William and Margaret were married in 1847 and had their first child in 1849.“Drive ‘Em:” The Battle of AntietamBy Tuesday, September 16th, having heard the sounds of battle coming from South Mountain as early as September 14th, William Roulette took his family, including his six children who ranged in age from 1 to 14 years old, to the Manor Church, a Brethren church located six miles north of the battlefield. However, the farm couldn’t be left alone indefinitely, so William returned on September 17: Mr. Roulette had removed himself to a safe place in season, but returning himself to look after his stock he was held in limbo by the rebs. When firing began he went into the cellar for safety, but when our boys cleaned out the Johnnies he quickly ran out, shouting excitedly: ‘Give it to ‘em!’ ‘Drive ‘em!’—’ take="" anything="" on="" my="" place="" only="" drive="" ‘em!="" drive="" ‘em!’="" then="" he="" started="" for="" the="" rear,="" for="" he="" wasn’t="" singing="" just="" then="" “there’s="" no="" place="" like="">
Also living on the farm at the time of the battle were Nancy Camel, a former slave who was working as a domestic servant, and Robert Simon, a 15-year old African American man who was working as a hired farm hand. Camel had been born into slavery October 13, 1813. On June 14, 1859, Andrew Miller of Tilghmanton manumitted Camel. She likely lived in a small room above the kitchen. Her responsibilities probably included gardening, caring for the children, cooking, and cleaning. She was a member of the Brethren church and is buried in the cemetery at the Manor Church north of the battlefield. There was also a tenant farmer’s house along the Roulette farm lane, which Hiram Osborne Clip or Clipp, a Virginian who had briefly been a Confederate soldier before leaving the army and moving to Maryland, lived in while he leased part of the Roulette farm. Archeological evidence suggests that the Clipp house was built around 1820; by 1900 it had been razed.
Though the house was largely in its present state by the time the Roulettes moved in, William Roulette probably added the large bank barn to sustain his farming operation. The family kept horses, cows, sheep, and pigs on their property and grew corn, wheat, oats, and rye. The farm also contained an orchard, a vegetable garden, and several beehives. These hives would create particular chaos for a rookie regiment advancing toward the Sunken Road around 10:00 am on September 17th. As a Confederate shell exploded among the 132nd PA, the men broke, knocking over the hives. As George Lovettt, Company A, 132nd PA described it in his dedication speech for the regiment’s monument at Antietam in 1904:
In the line of advance by Kimball to attain this point [the Sunken Road], his forces had to pass through the garden and yard of a residence known as the “Roulette House” and in going through this place on a double quick several bee hives were upset, which caused some disorder and confusion amongst the men, especially the line of the One-Hundred and Thirty-Second Pennsylvania Volunteers, but the confusion caused by this accident of bees was soon straightened out by the action of the Brigade Commander, Field and Staff of the One-Hundred and Thirty-Second.Death and Devastation: Aftermath Many wounded Union soldiers were taken back to the Roulette barn, and later ambulances would pick up those who needed to be transported at the intersection of the Roulette farm lane and the Sunken Road. After the fighting had ceased, Union soldiers who held the field began the grim task of burying the dead. Roulette reported that 700 soldiers were buried on his property alone.
Despite filing claims with the federal government for damages to his property totaling more than $3,500, William Roulette received no compensation for his home and outbuildings, though he did receive a payment of $371 for a hospital claim. The financial impact of the battle was nothing compared to the personal loss that the Roulettes suffered. As a result of typhoid fever, likely caused by the unsanitary conditions of so many soldiers camping nearby, the Roulette’s youngest daughter, Carrie May, who was only twenty months old, died on October 21, 1862.
Some of the most famous photographs that Alexander Gardner and James Gibson, photographers employed by Matthew Brady, took during their time at Antietam were taken close to where the Roulette Farm Lane intersects the Sunken Road. This series of photos was the first time in the United States that war dead had been photographed before they were buried. To learn more about photography at Antietam visit this page.Reunion and Preservation On September 16-17, 1891 veterans of the 14th Connecticut returned to Antietam to tour the grounds. They had difficulty securing accommodations in the small village for so many people—upwards of 300. Ultimately, the Chairman, Secretary, and their wives stayed at the Roulette house, “a spot having great attraction to us not only because of its relation to our first battle experience but as Edenic in its kind.”
The farm remained in the Roulette family until 1956. In 1998, the Richard King Mellon Foundation purchased the farm and donated it to Antietam National Battlefield. Today, the Roulette farm helps us to picture the landscape that Union troops advanced through toward the Sunken Road and to understand the depth of suffering that followed in the wake of the twelve-hour battle. The house and farm stand as a symbol of not only bravery, but also perseverance and resilience in the face of trauma.
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https://diarynote.indered.space
*Roulette Farm Antietam
*Roulette Farm Antietam Map
*Roulette Farm Antietam Golf Course
*Roulette Farm Antietam Museum
*Roulette Farm AntietamLooking east inside the Sunken Road. The tower on the distance marks the point in which the road turn to the right heading south. It also marks the extreme right of the Confederate position in the road.
Roulette Farm - Antietam Maryland. Mt casino helmet. Roulette farmstead For over 260 years the property on which the William Roulette Farmstead would be established, has been under cultivation. The surrounding pristine countryside provides visitors to the Antietam National Battlefield a feeling of what the landscape looked like in September 1862 with the stone walls, wood lots, and old farm roads. The Antietam barns are forebay Pennsylvania bank barns. Built by German and Swiss settlers in the mid-Atlantic states in the 19th century, the barns have a recessed stable wall on the first level, while the main barn level extends above the stable wall by about 8 to 10 feet. The stable wall, typically built of stone, is called a forebay. 2 thoughts on “ The Farmsteads of Antietam – Henry Piper Farm ” Anita Smith Elmore July 14, 2017. Foto roulette casino. My mother was a Piper, daughter of Alva A. I visited the farm in 1961 with my family and Webster Piper’s son took us around. My Mom and dad stayed in the Piper home when the Piper’s were there in the fall, can’t remember the year. At the time of the Battle of Antietam, the farm was home to William and Margaret Roulette and their five children. The Roulettes did not own slaves, but did employ Nancy Camel, a former slave, as a domestic servant and a 15-year-old African American man named Robert Simon also resided on the property, working as a farm hand.
Re: technique roulette casino Alex, je suis du Meme avis, mais pour ne pas tomber sur une serie perdante, il faut a chaque gain alterne avec une combinaison differente sur une autre chance simple EX. Re: technique roulette casino ben il y a 1 chance sur 32 de perdre sur 5 coups, car il y a 32 combinaisons sur 5 coups. Et comme la technique revient a nous faire gagner a chaque coup de roulette, jusqu’a ce que la ’mauvaise serie’ sorte.ca veut dire que en moyenne et sur le long terme ca donne. Avis technique roulette casino. Outside bets offer the best odds of winning at roulette. These types of wagers are placed on groups as opposed to just numbers, for example odd or even, red or black, 1-18 or 19-46, dozen bets,. The casino’s edge for roulette is 5.26%, but this can change based on the version of roulette played (French/European vs. American) and types of bets made Pay to Play or Just Have Fun! Roulette is a great game that offers the thrill of winning for even the most novice of players. A player walks into a casino with $100 in their pocket and then sits down at a roulette table. The minimum bet is $10 and they start betting $10 on black every single round. They want to have fun playing roulette for an hour or so, or double their bankroll and leave with a potential profit. This is a great example of the Constant bet strategy.
Last year I spent several days walking around the Antietam battlefield in places I have either never walked or did years ago. One particular location was around the Roulette Farm. The location is significant because it was the area of the battle in which both Union Army Gen. French’s and Gen. Richardson’s divisions passed by it or through to attack the Sunken Road. The key terrain feature here between the Roulette farm and the Sunken Road is the enormous rise of the ground to the Sunken Road (or Bloody Lane if you like).
If you are gaming the fight for the Sunken Road you can NOT just use a flat table or you risk missing the most unusual and exciting part of this fight. Look at a map of the Sunken Road area; forget what you think you see. The mental picture most people see is an attack on more or less on level ground or over some minor rolling hills. Forget all that.
Brig. Gen. William French’s division advanced and when about 100 yards away crested the hill in front of the road and looked DOWN on the Rebel brigades in the Sunken Road. Many of this division had never fired a shot in their short military career and we’re going into combat with no experience. They were both startled and thrown into confusion by the opening volleys from the defenders. They fought as long as they could take it and fell back. Even with the advantage of the high ground it was not enough to overcome the veteran Confederate defenders.
Looking north from Rebel position towards the direction in which French’s division attacked. You can see the top of the hill where the Union troops stopped to open fire.
Roulette Farm AntietamMaj. Gen. Israel Richardson’s division faced the opposite terrain in their front. They had to march up a very sharp hill to an enemy they couldn’t even see. Once they crested the hill they were within 50-80 yards away from the Confederates in the road bed which was several feet below the grade on top of the hill. With rails piled up for added protection it made the position something like a fortified trench. It’s a wonder how the Irish Brigade withstood the punishing point blank fire for as long as they did. They were silhouetted against the sky and firing against the enemy showing very little of their bodies to return fire. They were only able to crack the Rebel defense when one brigade marched away from the road by a phantom or mistaken order and a well-timed flank attack on the Confederate right flank.
In some sections of the Sunken Road the depth is less than 5-6 inches deep (mostly where French attacked) and it certain areas 6 feet or more (where Richardson attacked). It is impossible to say how much the road has changed over the past 150 years so we can only guess it is probably close to what it is now but not exactly the same.
Road leading to the Roulette farm. Half way along the Sunken Road to path heads north to the farm. This the direction the Union attackers came from, towards the camera.
I walked both French’s and Richardson’s path to the Sunken Road. The photos I’ve posted will show you the incredibly unusual nature of both mini battles within the context of the entire battle, which in itself was unusual. It is well worth doing this if you ever get the chance. It will shatter the way you view the fighting in this area.
A friend I met along the side of the Roulette farm road.
An amusing anecdote centers on the Roulette farm during the Union advance. A Confederate shell exploded amongst the Roulette family’s many bee hives. The explosion caused hundreds if not thousands of angry bees swarming around and looking for someone to sting. Much to the chagrin of soldiers of the 130th Pennsylvania Infantry they were the chosen target. It caused quite some confusion before the regiment was able to regain their composure and move along with any military looking order.Roulette Farm Antietam Map
Roulette barn.Heading towards the Confederate lines crossing the Roulette farm road. The tower on the left marks the end of the line in the Sunken road. Notice you can not see the Sunken Road. It’s an up hill march for Richardson’s division. Roulette Farm Antietam Golf CoursePanning just to the right gives you a wider view.
Half way to the Rebel lines in the Sunken Road looking west at the area in which French’s division crossed right to left.
Roulette Farm Antietam MuseumThe monument to the 132nd Pennsylvania just on the Union side of the Sunken Road. This is looking north where the Union attacked the Rebs. This is the same monument in the very first picture.
One eyewitness, Chaplain Henry S. Stevens of the 14th Connecticut Infantry, wrote of the damage to the house: ’Bullets pierced it on the day of battle, and one huge shell tore through the west side, a little above the floor, and going through the parlor in an upward course passed through the ceiling and a wall beyond and fell harmless amid a heap of rubbish it had created, where we saw it many times that day. During the battle the rooms were stripped of their furnishings and the floors were covered with the blood and dirt and litter of a field hospital..’Roulette Farm Antietam
The Roulette Family and Farm At the time of the Civil War, William and Margaret Roulette and their children lived on a large, productive farm outside the small town of Sharpsburg. However, by the end of September 1862, that farm had become the backdrop for a significant part of the action of the bloodiest single-day battle in American history. Today, their house and some of their outbuildings stand as silent witnesses to the carnage.Historical Ownership and Structural Changes The original owners of what we now know as the Roulette property are unfortunately unknown as are the names of those who built the first house on the site. We do know that as early as 1739, William Anderson lived here and farmed a tract called Anderson’s Delight. John Reynolds, who purchased the property in 1761, probably began construction of the oldest part of the house that exists today, which dates to the mid-1700s, and was originally constructed as a two-room cabin; this is the southern part of the house today. Around 1780, the center section was added. Around 1800, a kitchen was added to the north end, which included a beehive oven. Finally, a bathroom was added on in the 20th century. Reynolds and his descendants owned the farm until 1804 when John Miller bought the farm. His descendants would grow crops and raise livestock on the property for the next eighty years. Included in this list of descendants was Margaret Ann Miller, whose husband, William Roulette bought the property before the Civil War. The Roulettes had been in Washington County since before 1780, and William Roulette grew up on a different farm in the local area. William and Margaret were married in 1847 and had their first child in 1849.“Drive ‘Em:” The Battle of AntietamBy Tuesday, September 16th, having heard the sounds of battle coming from South Mountain as early as September 14th, William Roulette took his family, including his six children who ranged in age from 1 to 14 years old, to the Manor Church, a Brethren church located six miles north of the battlefield. However, the farm couldn’t be left alone indefinitely, so William returned on September 17: Mr. Roulette had removed himself to a safe place in season, but returning himself to look after his stock he was held in limbo by the rebs. When firing began he went into the cellar for safety, but when our boys cleaned out the Johnnies he quickly ran out, shouting excitedly: ‘Give it to ‘em!’ ‘Drive ‘em!’—’ take="" anything="" on="" my="" place="" only="" drive="" ‘em!="" drive="" ‘em!’="" then="" he="" started="" for="" the="" rear,="" for="" he="" wasn’t="" singing="" just="" then="" “there’s="" no="" place="" like="">
Also living on the farm at the time of the battle were Nancy Camel, a former slave who was working as a domestic servant, and Robert Simon, a 15-year old African American man who was working as a hired farm hand. Camel had been born into slavery October 13, 1813. On June 14, 1859, Andrew Miller of Tilghmanton manumitted Camel. She likely lived in a small room above the kitchen. Her responsibilities probably included gardening, caring for the children, cooking, and cleaning. She was a member of the Brethren church and is buried in the cemetery at the Manor Church north of the battlefield. There was also a tenant farmer’s house along the Roulette farm lane, which Hiram Osborne Clip or Clipp, a Virginian who had briefly been a Confederate soldier before leaving the army and moving to Maryland, lived in while he leased part of the Roulette farm. Archeological evidence suggests that the Clipp house was built around 1820; by 1900 it had been razed.
Though the house was largely in its present state by the time the Roulettes moved in, William Roulette probably added the large bank barn to sustain his farming operation. The family kept horses, cows, sheep, and pigs on their property and grew corn, wheat, oats, and rye. The farm also contained an orchard, a vegetable garden, and several beehives. These hives would create particular chaos for a rookie regiment advancing toward the Sunken Road around 10:00 am on September 17th. As a Confederate shell exploded among the 132nd PA, the men broke, knocking over the hives. As George Lovettt, Company A, 132nd PA described it in his dedication speech for the regiment’s monument at Antietam in 1904:
In the line of advance by Kimball to attain this point [the Sunken Road], his forces had to pass through the garden and yard of a residence known as the “Roulette House” and in going through this place on a double quick several bee hives were upset, which caused some disorder and confusion amongst the men, especially the line of the One-Hundred and Thirty-Second Pennsylvania Volunteers, but the confusion caused by this accident of bees was soon straightened out by the action of the Brigade Commander, Field and Staff of the One-Hundred and Thirty-Second.Death and Devastation: Aftermath Many wounded Union soldiers were taken back to the Roulette barn, and later ambulances would pick up those who needed to be transported at the intersection of the Roulette farm lane and the Sunken Road. After the fighting had ceased, Union soldiers who held the field began the grim task of burying the dead. Roulette reported that 700 soldiers were buried on his property alone.
Despite filing claims with the federal government for damages to his property totaling more than $3,500, William Roulette received no compensation for his home and outbuildings, though he did receive a payment of $371 for a hospital claim. The financial impact of the battle was nothing compared to the personal loss that the Roulettes suffered. As a result of typhoid fever, likely caused by the unsanitary conditions of so many soldiers camping nearby, the Roulette’s youngest daughter, Carrie May, who was only twenty months old, died on October 21, 1862.
Some of the most famous photographs that Alexander Gardner and James Gibson, photographers employed by Matthew Brady, took during their time at Antietam were taken close to where the Roulette Farm Lane intersects the Sunken Road. This series of photos was the first time in the United States that war dead had been photographed before they were buried. To learn more about photography at Antietam visit this page.Reunion and Preservation On September 16-17, 1891 veterans of the 14th Connecticut returned to Antietam to tour the grounds. They had difficulty securing accommodations in the small village for so many people—upwards of 300. Ultimately, the Chairman, Secretary, and their wives stayed at the Roulette house, “a spot having great attraction to us not only because of its relation to our first battle experience but as Edenic in its kind.”
The farm remained in the Roulette family until 1956. In 1998, the Richard King Mellon Foundation purchased the farm and donated it to Antietam National Battlefield. Today, the Roulette farm helps us to picture the landscape that Union troops advanced through toward the Sunken Road and to understand the depth of suffering that followed in the wake of the twelve-hour battle. The house and farm stand as a symbol of not only bravery, but also perseverance and resilience in the face of trauma.
Register here: http://gg.gg/upuj3
https://diarynote.indered.space
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